Surface Mount Technology (SMT) is a widely used method in the electronics manufacturing industry for assembling components onto printed circuit boards (PCBs). Despite its advantages, such as increased automation and higher circuit density, SMT PCB assembly can be prone to various defects. These defe
Surface Mount Technology (SMT) has become the predominant method for assembling electronic components on printed circuit boards (PCBs) due to the increasing complexity and miniaturization of these boards. However, the SMT assembly process presents several challenges that can lead to defects and inef